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Towa Institute of Intellectual Property

Journal

Journal of Towa Institute of Intellectual Property Vol.18 No.2(2026.10)

This journal provides a forum for essays, papers and other achivements about intellectual property management.

Journal of Towa Institute of Intellectual Property Vol.18 No.2(2026.10)
15 Articles for Intellectual Property Management

2
Prefatory Notes
Current State and Challenges of Intellectual Property Activities Amid the Rapid Advancement of AI
Takashi Tsuno
4
Japan’s Intellectual Property Promotion Plan 2026 and Patent Strategy
Kimiaki Suzuki
6
IT-related expenses for patent attorney services
Hiroaki Tsuno
8
Contributed Papers
Liability for Inducing Infringement after Hikma and Cox
Douglas P. Mueller
10
USPTO IDS Fees and Continuing Applications : The Value of a Clear Prosecution Record
Adam Claussen
14
Improving Machine Learning Algorithms May be Patent Eligible Under §101
Heungsoo Choi
16
The Importance of Patent Marking Reaffirmed by the Federal Circuit
Jonathan Agmon
20
Entering the U.S. from a PCT Application in 2026 : National Phase or Bypassy
Yuichi Watanabe
22
EU Design Reform 2026 : Extending Design Protection into the Digital Domain
Dr. Thomas Schlief
24
Spotlight on Managing Directors : EPG clarifies the limits of personal liability for patent infringement
Jürgen Feldmeier
26
IP Protection for Consumables and Compatible Products – Strategies and Legal Limits
Nils T. F. Schmid
30
The UPC’s PMAC : A New, Faster Path to Resolving European Patent Disputes
Dr. Florian Manzenrieder & Wolfgang Wittmann
32
UPC : Double Protection. Germany’s Overlooked Patent Strategy
Alexander Schmidt
34
Federal Court of Justice (BGH), Judgment of 22 July 2025 – X ZR 72/23 “Fingerelement”When a feature is known everywhere but pointed to nowhere
Henry Mischung
38
Don’t Go Fishing When Seeking Discovery of Invention Documents
Edward Gennochio
40
When EPO Online Filing Fails : A New Safeguard for Applicants
Erik Krahbichler
48
The CJEU Clarifies the Temporal Requirement of Earlier Rights in Trademark Opposition Proceeding
Patrizia Lombardo
50
Simple Steps for Integrating IP Valuation into Mid-Sized Company Decision-Makinge
Martin Klok
52
Important Differences between Australian and Japanese Design Systems
Mark Teoh and Keisuke Kobayashi
54
Shortening of the Opposition Period Under China’s New Trademark Law and Its Impact on Practice
Hongxiao Sun
56
The Role of Professionals in the Age of AI
Inhan Kim
58
Should Commercial AI Inventions Go Unpatented?
Kevin, Kim
60
Patent Term Extension Due to Examination Delays
Seong-Uk Yang
62
The Boundary in Direct and Indirect Infringement [Supreme Court Decision 2025Da202970 Decided May 15, 2025]
Hee-Jung LEE
64
Recent Practice of Taiwanese Courts in Determining Patent Inventive Step: Focusing on the Definition of a Person Having Ordinary Skill in the Art (PHOSITA), the “Could-Would” Rule, and “Commercial Success”
Fang-Yi Chu
68
Revisions to the Deferral of Substantive Examination System in Taiwan
Tzu-Lien Ou
72
India’s Patent Office Embraces AI : A New Chapter in Examination Practice
Dr. Rajeshkumar Acharya and Priya Khamar
74
Reddit v Reddio : Evidential Requirements for Well-Known Marks and Specialist Consumers
Eamon Ng Yi Neng amd Eliana Baey
76
Brazilian Patent and Trademark Office Publishes Report on Proposed Amendments to the Brazilian Patent Statute
Roberto Carapeto
78
Abandonment of Rights by a Joint Patent Applicant in India and Conversion to a Sole Applicant : Unlike Japan, Unilateral Abandonment of a Share Is Not Sufficient
Yoshinori Oku
80
The Concept of Essential Characteristics of Expression (Creative Expression)
Kotaro Takenaga
82
An Introduction to the History of Modern Economics, Nakanishiya Publisher, 2026
Kei Ehara
84
What You Might Not Know About Global Patent Maintenance Fees
Yoshihiro Haraguchi
86
Intellectual Property Statistics 88
Basics of Filing a Patent Application in Japan 94

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